The Interaction Mechanisms between Gut-Vaginal Axis Microbiome and Its Research Progress in Gynecological Malignant Tumors
LIANG Meilin1, SHI Wei2, ZHANG Lijuan1*
Gynecological malignant tumors pose a significant threat to woman’s health wordwide. The underlying mechanism of these tumors has not yet been fully elucidated, and the existing prevention and treatment strategies still face challenges such as difficulties in early diagnosis, treatment resistance, and poor prognosis. Inrecent years, studies on the human microbiome have revealed that the cross-site dynamic interactions of microbial communities in different anatomical locations are a key link in regulating host health and disease progression. Among them, the gut and the vagina, as two crucial mucosal organs in the female body, have gradually become a research hotspot in the occurrence of gynecological malignancies. However, existing studies mostly focus on the independent effects of microorganisms in a single site, and have not systematically integrated the cross-site microbial group crosstalk mechanism mediated by the gut-vagina axis. Moreover, there is a lack of a comprehensive understanding of the overall regulation of tumor occurrence and development through multiple pathways of this axis, resulting in the core regulatory role and potential mechanisms of the gut-vaginal axis in gynecological malignancies still not being fully revealed. This article aims to systematically expound the interaction mechanism of the gut-vaginal microbiome and its research progress in gynecological malignant tumors. It focuses on analyzing the network mechanism of their interactions from dimensions such as immune regulation, metabolic pathways, and endocrine signals, with the expectation of providing new research perspectives and theoretical support for in-depth exploration of the occurrence and development of gynecological malignant tumors.
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